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Religion in Belarus
Before 1917 Belarus had 2,466 religious communities, including 1,650 Orthodox, 127 Roman Catholic, 657 Jewish, 32 Protestant, and several Muslim communities. Under the communists (who were officially atheists), the activities of these communities were severely restricted. Many religious communities were destroyed and their leaders exiled or executed; the remaining communities were sometimes co-opted by the government for its own ends, as in the effort to instill patriotism during World War II.〔Jan Zaprudnik and Helen Fedor. "Religion." ''Belarus (Country Study)''. Federal Research Division, Library of Congress; Helen Fedor, ed. June 1995. ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.()〕
== History ==
By the end of 12th century Europe was generally divided into two large areas: western area with dominance of Roman Catholicism and eastern with Orthodox and Byzantine influences. Border between them was roughly along the Bug River. This placed area, currently known as Belarus, into a unique position where these two influences mixed and interfered.
Before the 14th century Russian Orthodox church was dominant in Belarus. Union of Krewo in 1385 broke this monopoly and made Catholicism the religion of the ruling class. Jogaila, then ruler of Lithuania, part of which was Belarus, ordered to convert all population of Lithuania into Catholicism. 1.5 years after Union of Krewo Wilno episcopate was created which received a lot of land from the Lithuanian dukes. By the middle of 16th century Catholicism became strong in Lithuania and bordering with it north-west parts of Belarus. But Orthodox church was still dominant in Belarus.
In 16th century crisis began in Christianity: Protestant Reformation began in Catholicism and heresy period began in an Orthodox area. From the 50th years of 16th century Protestantism ideas began spreading in Lithuanian state, part of which was Belarus. The first Protestant Church in Belarus was created in Brest by Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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